/* Standard C++ headers */
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>

/* MySQL Connector/C++ specific headers */
#include <driver.h>
#include <connection.h>
#include <statement.h>
#include <prepared_statement.h>
#include <resultset.h>
#include <metadata.h>
#include <resultset_metadata.h>
#include <exception.h>
#include <warning.h>
	
#define DBHOST "tcp://127.0.0.1:3306"
#define USER "root"
#define PASSWORD "admin"
#define DATABASE "test"

#define NUMOFFSET 100
#define COLNAME 200

using namespace std;
using namespace sql;

static void retrieve_data_and_print (ResultSet *rs, int type, int colidx, string colname) {

	/* retrieve the row count in the result set */
	cout << "\nRetrieved " << rs -> rowsCount() << " row(s)." << endl;

	cout << "\nCityName" << endl;
	cout << "--------" << endl;

	/* fetch the data : retrieve all the rows in the result set */
	while (rs->next()) {
		if (type == NUMOFFSET) {
                       cout << rs -> getString(colidx) << endl;
		} else if (type == COLNAME) {
                       cout << rs -> getString(colname) << endl;
		} // if-else
	} // while

	cout << endl;

} // retrieve_data_and_print()

static void retrieve_dbmetadata_and_print (Connection *dbcon) {

	if (dbcon -> isClosed()) {
		throw runtime_error("DatabaseMetaData FAILURE - database connection closed");
	}

	cout << "\nDatabase Metadata" << endl;
	cout << "-----------------" << endl;

	cout << boolalpha;

	/* The following commented statement won't work with Connector/C++ 1.0.5 and later */
	//auto_ptr < DatabaseMetaData > dbcon_meta (dbcon -> getMetaData());

	DatabaseMetaData *dbcon_meta = dbcon -> getMetaData();

	cout << "Database Product Name: " << dbcon_meta -> getDatabaseProductName() << endl;
	cout << "Database Product Version: " << dbcon_meta -> getDatabaseProductVersion() << endl;
	cout << "Database User Name: " << dbcon_meta -> getUserName() << endl << endl;

	cout << "Driver name: " << dbcon_meta -> getDriverName() << endl;
	cout << "Driver version: " << dbcon_meta -> getDriverVersion() << endl << endl;

	cout << "Database in Read-Only Mode?: " << dbcon_meta -> isReadOnly() << endl;
	cout << "Supports Transactions?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsTransactions() << endl;
	cout << "Supports DML Transactions only?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsDataManipulationTransactionsOnly() << endl;
	cout << "Supports Batch Updates?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsBatchUpdates() << endl;
	cout << "Supports Outer Joins?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsOuterJoins() << endl;
	cout << "Supports Multiple Transactions?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsMultipleTransactions() << endl;
	cout << "Supports Named Parameters?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsNamedParameters() << endl;
	cout << "Supports Statement Pooling?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsStatementPooling() << endl;
	cout << "Supports Stored Procedures?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsStoredProcedures() << endl;
	cout << "Supports Union?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsUnion() << endl << endl;

	cout << "Maximum Connections: " << dbcon_meta -> getMaxConnections() << endl;
	cout << "Maximum Columns per Table: " << dbcon_meta -> getMaxColumnsInTable() << endl;
	cout << "Maximum Columns per Index: " << dbcon_meta -> getMaxColumnsInIndex() << endl;
	cout << "Maximum Row Size per Table: " << dbcon_meta -> getMaxRowSize() << " bytes" << endl;

	cout << "\nDatabase schemas: " << endl;

	auto_ptr < ResultSet > rs ( dbcon_meta -> getSchemas());

	cout << "\nTotal number of schemas = " << rs -> rowsCount() << endl;
	cout << endl;

	int row = 1;

	while (rs -> next()) {
		cout << "\t" << row << ". " << rs -> getString("TABLE_SCHEM") << endl;
		++row;
	} // while

	cout << endl << endl;

} // retrieve_dbmetadata_and_print()

static void retrieve_rsmetadata_and_print (ResultSet *rs) {

	if (rs -> rowsCount() == 0) {
		throw runtime_error("ResultSetMetaData FAILURE - no records in the result set");
	}

	cout << "ResultSet Metadata" << endl;
	cout << "------------------" << endl;

	/* The following commented statement won't work with Connector/C++ 1.0.5 and later */
	//auto_ptr < ResultSetMetaData > res_meta ( rs -> getMetaData() );

	ResultSetMetaData *res_meta = rs -> getMetaData();

	int numcols = res_meta -> getColumnCount();
	cout << "\nNumber of columns in the result set = " << numcols << endl << endl;

	cout.width(20);
	cout << "Column Name/Label";
	cout.width(20);
	cout << "Column Type";
	cout.width(20);
	cout << "Column Size" << endl;

	for (int i = 0; i < numcols; ++i) {
		cout.width(20);
		cout << res_meta -> getColumnLabel (i+1);
		cout.width(20); 
		cout << res_meta -> getColumnTypeName (i+1);
		cout.width(20); 
		cout << res_meta -> getColumnDisplaySize (i+1) << endl << endl;
	}

	cout << "\nColumn \"" << res_meta -> getColumnLabel(1);
	cout << "\" belongs to the Table: \"" << res_meta -> getTableName(1);
	cout << "\" which belongs to the Schema: \"" << res_meta -> getSchemaName(1) << "\"" << endl << endl;

} // retrieve_rsmetadata_and_print()


int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {

	Driver *driver;
	Connection *con;
	Statement *stmt;
	ResultSet *res;
	PreparedStatement *prep_stmt;
	Savepoint *savept;

	int updatecount = 0;

	/* initiate url, user, password and database variables */
	string url(argc >= 2 ? argv[1] : DBHOST);
	const string user(argc >= 3 ? argv[2] : USER);
	const string password(argc >= 4 ? argv[3] : PASSWORD);
	const string database(argc >= 5 ? argv[4] : DATABASE);

	try {
		driver = get_driver_instance();
		
		/* create a database connection using the Driver */
		con = driver -> connect(url, user, password);

		/* alternate syntax using auto_ptr to create the db connection */
		//auto_ptr  con (driver -> connect(url, user, password));

		/* turn off the autocommit */
		con -> setAutoCommit(0);

		cout << "\nDatabase connection\'s autocommit mode = " << con -> getAutoCommit() << endl;

		/* select appropriate database schema */
		con -> setSchema(database);

		/* retrieve and display the database metadata */
		retrieve_dbmetadata_and_print (con);

		/* create a statement object */
		stmt = con -> createStatement();

		cout << "Executing the Query: \"SELECT * FROM City\" .." << endl;

		/* run a query which returns exactly one result set */
		res = stmt -> executeQuery ("SELECT * FROM City");

		cout << "Retrieving the result set .." << endl;

		/* retrieve the data from the result set and display on stdout */
		retrieve_data_and_print (res, NUMOFFSET, 1, string("CityName"));

		/* retrieve and display the result set metadata */
		retrieve_rsmetadata_and_print (res);

		cout << "Demonstrating Prepared Statements .. " << endl << endl;

		/* insert couple of rows of data into City table using Prepared Statements */
		prep_stmt = con -> prepareStatement ("INSERT INTO City (CityName) VALUES (?)");

		cout << "\tInserting \"London, UK\" into the table, City .." << endl;

		prep_stmt -> setString (1, "London, UK");
		updatecount = prep_stmt -> executeUpdate();

		cout << "\tCreating a save point \"SAVEPT1\" .." << endl;
		savept = con -> setSavepoint ("SAVEPT1");

		cout << "\tInserting \"Paris, France\" into the table, City .." << endl;

		prep_stmt -> setString (1, "Paris, France");
		updatecount = prep_stmt -> executeUpdate();

		cout << "\tRolling back until the last save point \"SAVEPT1\" .." << endl;
		con -> rollback (savept);
		con -> releaseSavepoint (savept);

		cout << "\tCommitting outstanding updates to the database .." << endl;
		con -> commit();

		cout << "\nQuerying the City table again .." << endl;

		/* re-use result set object */
		res = NULL;
		res = stmt -> executeQuery ("SELECT * FROM City");

		/* retrieve the data from the result set and display on stdout */
		retrieve_data_and_print (res, COLNAME, 1, string ("CityName"));

		cout << "Cleaning up the resources .." << endl;

		/* Clean up */
		delete res;
		delete stmt;
		delete prep_stmt;
		con -> close();
		delete con;

	} catch (SQLException &e) {
		cout << "ERROR: SQLException in " << __FILE__;
		cout << " (" << __func__<< ") on line " << __LINE__ << endl;
		cout << "ERROR: " << e.what();
		cout << " (MySQL error code: " << e.getErrorCode();
		cout << ", SQLState: " << e.getSQLState() << ")" << endl;

		if (e.getErrorCode() == 1047) {
			/*
			Error: 1047 SQLSTATE: 08S01 (ER_UNKNOWN_COM_ERROR)
			Message: Unknown command
			*/
			cout << "\nYour server does not seem to support Prepared Statements at all. ";
			cout << "Perhaps MYSQL < 4.1?" << endl;
		}

		return EXIT_FAILURE;
	} catch (std::runtime_error &e) {

		cout << "ERROR: runtime_error in " << __FILE__;
		cout << " (" << __func__ << ") on line " << __LINE__ << endl;
		cout << "ERROR: " << e.what() << endl;

		return EXIT_FAILURE;
	}

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
} // main()